Transformer cores are commonly made of silicon steel sheets. Silicon steel, a type of carbon with silicon content ranging from 0.8 to 4.8%, strong magnetic properties. silicon steel sheets for transformer cores allows for higher magnetic induction, leading to reduced size. In practical, transformers work under current conditions, resulting in losses in both the resistance and the core. These losses consist of two components: hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. hysteresis loss and eddy current loss Hysteresis loss occurs due to the magnetic hysteresis phenomenon in the core material during the magnetization process. Silicon steel has a narrow hysteresis loop, which minimizes hysteresis loss and reduces heat generation in the core. Why do we process silicon steel into laminated sheets instead of using a solid block? The answer lies in minimizing another type of iron loss called "eddy current loss." When alternating current flows through the winding, it generates a varying magnetic flux in the core. This changing flux induces eddy currents within the core material, resulting in heat generation. To minimize eddy current loss, transformer cores are made by stacking insulated laminations of silicon steel, creating a compact and efficient pathway for eddy currents with reduced cross-sectional area. Additionally, the silicon content in the steel increases its resistivity, further mitigating eddy current effects. Typically, transformer cores are constructed using cold-rolled silicon steel sheets with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5mm. These sheets are cut into elongated shapes and then stacked in a "E-shaped" or "C-shaped" configuration, depending on the specific needs. Thinner laminations and narrower interleaved sections result in better eddy current suppression, decreased temperature rise, and material cost savings.

Transformers use various types of cores, with the most common ones being E-type and C-type cores. What are the differences between these two types of cores? And in which applications are they commonly used? Today, SHUNGE will tell you all about it. E-type and EI-type cores are widely used in the industry. One of their main advantages is that the primary and secondary windings can share the same core, resulting in a higher window utilization factor. The core also provides protection for the windings, making them less susceptible to mechanical damage. Additionally, E-type cores have a larger heat dissipation area and reduce magnetic field dispersion. However, E-type cores also have some drawbacks. They tend to have larger magnetic resistance due to the presence of larger air gaps in the magnetic path, which reduces the overall performance of the magnetic circuit. Furthermore, E-type cores are prone to issues such as higher copper wire usage, greater leakage inductance, and susceptibility to external magnetic field interference.   C-type cores are manufactured by winding cold-rolled silicon steel strips, which are then subjected to heat treatment and impregnation processes to form closed cores. These closed cores are then split to create two C-type cores. The windings are then encapsulated within the cores, and a pair of C-type cores are assembled and secured together to form the transformer. C-type cores can have very small air gaps, and they offer advantages such as smaller size, lighter weight, and higher material utilization. So, how can we identify the type of transformer core used in a power supply? 1. Identification based on appearance: E-type cores have a shell-like structure, with a core that wraps around the coils. They are commonly made of high-quality silicon steel sheets such as D41 and D42. C-type cores, on the other hand, are made of cold-rolled silicon steel strips and have a core-type structure. 2. Identification based on the number of winding terminals: Power transformers often have two windings, a primary and a secondary, resulting in four terminal connections. Some power transformers may have an additional shielding layer between the primary and secondary windings for AC noise and interference suppression. In such cases, the shielding layer is grounded. Therefore, power transformers typically have at least four terminal connections. 3. Identification based on the stacking method of silicon steel sheets: In E-type power transformers, the silicon steel sheets are interleaved, with no air gaps between the E-shaped and I-shaped sheets. The entire core fits together tightly. In contrast, audio input/output transformers have certain gaps between their E-shaped sheets, which serves as a distinguishing feature from power transformers. C-type transformers are generally used as power transformers. Shunge Steel, founded in 2008 and headquartered in Lecong, Foshan, produces cores with features such as low iron loss, high magnetic permeability, and high saturation induction. Our cores find applications in various fields, including signal communication, power drive, traction, renewable resources, charging station power control, high-precision measurement and control, new energy vehicle battery management, power control, welding, and new energy vehicle motor control. If you have any core requirements, please feel free to contact us.

Recently, we received some inquiries from customers about dry-type transformers and oil-immersed transformers. As you may know, dry-type transformers are generally more expensive compared to oil-immersed transformers. But why? What’s the difference between them? Let Catherine explain it to you today! Installation Location Dry-type transformers are preferred for indoor locations such as basements, floors, and rooftops, especially in areas with high human population density oil-immersed transformers are typically used in substations. Application Box-type transformers are generally used for indoor applications, while oil-immersed transformers are commonly used for outdoor temporary power supply. Space Considerations The choice between dry-type and oil-immersed transformers depends on the available space. oil-immersed transformers are suitable for larger spaces, while dry-type transformers are preferred in compact spaces. Climate: oil-immersed transformers are more suitable for humid and hot environments. If dry-type transformers are used in such conditions, they must be equipped with forced air-cooling systems. Appearance Dry-type transformers have visible cores and coils, while oil-immersed transformers are enclosed and only the outer shell is visible. Connection Dry-type transformers mostly use silicone rubber bushings, while oil-immersed transformers often use porcelain bushings. Capacity and Voltage Dry-type transformers are mainly used for distribution purposes, with capacities up to 1600 KVA and voltages below 10 KV. oil-immersed transformers can handle all capacities and voltage levels, including high voltage such as 1000 KV. Insulation and Cooling Dry-type transformers use resin insulation and rely on natural or forced-air cooling, while oil-immersed transformers use insulating oil for insulation and heat dissipation through radiators or cooling fins. Suitable Locations Dry-type transformers are commonly used in fireproof and explosion-proof environments, often in large and high-rise buildings. On the other hand, oil-immersed transformers are typically installed outdoors with provisions for an "incident oil pit" in case of leaks or spills. Load-Bearing Capacity Dry-type transformers should operate within their rated capacity, while oil-immersed transformers have better overload capacity. Cost Dry-type transformers are generally more costly compared to oil-immersed transformers of the same capacity. If you want to know more about transformer cores, especially hope to purchase some good transformer cores in China. Contact SHUNGE! We will be very glad to help!  

Transformer cores play a crucial role in the efficient and reliable operation of transformers, which are essential devices in power distribution systems. These cores are typically made of laminated silicon steel sheets known as silicon steel laminations. But have you ever wondered why silicon steel is the preferred material for transformer cores? Let's dive into the reasons behind this choice. 1. Magnetic Properties: Silicon steel possesses excellent magnetic properties that make it an ideal material for transformer cores. It exhibits low core losses, also known as hysteresis losses, which occur when the magnetic field in the core repeatedly reverses direction during the input and output cycles of a transformer. The low hysteresis losses of silicon steel help minimize energy wastage and improve overall transformer efficiency.   2. High Permeability: Permeability refers to a material's ability to allow the magnetic field to pass through it. Silicon steel exhibits high permeability, which means it can efficiently channel and concentrate the magnetic flux within the core. This property ensures effective magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary windings of the transformer, resulting in optimal energy transfer.   3. Electrical Resistance: Another critical characteristic of silicon steel is its high electrical resistance, which helps mitigate eddy current losses. Eddy currents are induced within the core due to the alternating magnetic field, leading to heat generation and energy losses. However, by using laminations, the silicon steel core effectively reduces the path for eddy currents, minimizing their detrimental effects and enhancing transformer performance.   4. Preservation of Core Integrity: Transformers operate at varying frequencies, typically in the range of 50-60 Hz. This alternating magnetic field can generate significant heat, which can impact the core's structural integrity. Silicon steel, with its high magnetic saturation and low magnetostriction properties, can withstand these temperature variations and maintain the core's shape and performance over time.   5. Cost-Effectiveness: Silicon steel is a cost-effective material widely available in the market, making it a practical choice for transformer cores. Its favorable magnetic properties and widespread usage also contribute to its affordability. In conclusion, the use of silicon steel laminations in transformer cores is driven by its exceptional magnetic properties, high permeability, low core losses, and electrical resistance. These features make it the preferred material for ensuring efficient energy transfer, minimizing losses, and enhancing the overall performance and reliability of transformers.

Transformer is a device that converts AC voltage, current and impedance. When AC current flows through the primary coil, AC magnetic flux is generated in the iron core (or magnetic core), causing voltage (or current) to be induced in the secondary coil. A transformer consists of an iron core (or magnetic core) and a coil. The transformer core is the main magnetic circuit of the coupled magnetic flux in the transformer. Working principle of transformer core The function of the core of the transformer is to form a magnetic circuit of coupling flux with very small reluctance. Because the reluctance is very small, the working efficiency of the transformer is greatly improved. Broadly speaking, transformers are divided according to the coupling material between coils, including air core transformers, magnetic core transformers, and iron core transformers. Air core transformers and magnetic core transformers are mostly used in high frequency electronic circuits. Because silicon steel itself is a material with strong magnetic permeability, it can produce greater magnetic induction intensity in the energized coil, which can reduce the size of the transformer and improve the working efficiency of the transformer. The characteristic of silicon steel is that it has the highest saturation magnetic induction intensity (above 2.0T) among commonly used soft magnetic materials. Therefore, when used as a transformer core, it can work at a very high operating point (such as an operating magnetic induction value of 1.5T). However, silicon steel also has the largest iron loss among commonly used soft magnetic materials. In order to prevent the iron core from heating due to excessive losses, its frequency of use is not high and it generally can only work below 20KHz. Therefore, the frequency of power circuits is mostly Around 50Hz. Our New-build transformer core Shunge Company not only provides first-hand silicon steel sheet raw materials, but also can customize finished transformer cores for customers. If you have any needs, please contact us.

The punch size of the steel lamination is given by the design. The following discusses the factors that affect quality in manufacturing when the design remains unchanged. 1. Loss and magnetic permeability of silicon steel sheets The specific loss properties of silicon steel sheets from different manufacturers and different batch numbers from the same manufacturer are not exactly the same.  So they have a large impact on the motor core lamination or the EI lamination. Although there are standard prescribed values, they fluctuate within a certain range. If the amplitude of the fluctuation is relatively large, or the material of the silicon steel sheet itself does not meet the requirements, then the use of such silicon steel sheets on the motor will greatly affect the performance of the motor, especially for medium and large motors, where iron loss accounts for 10% of the loss. The larger the proportion, the more obvious the impact on performance (mainly temperature rise and power factor). This is a hidden danger that is difficult to detect from the electromagnetic design. 2. Silicon steel sheet mold is out of tolerance Silicon steel sheet molds, such as slot punching dies and release molds, have a gap between the punch and the die that gradually increases during use. Some manufacturers are still dealing with production when the mold is out of tolerance, and the consequences are: the punching burrs are significantly increased. If the burr is large, the iron loss and no-load current will increase, causing the temperature rise of the motor to increase, the power factor to decrease, and the efficiency to decrease. 3. Insulation between silicon steel sheets The insulation between silicon steel sheets can suppress the eddy current in the iron core, thereby reducing the resulting eddy current loss (it is included in the iron loss). The insulating layer between chips is formed in the following three ways: (1) Inter-chip insulation composed of the paint film of the cold-rolled silicon steel sheets; (2) The motor manufacturer applies insulating paint on the punched sheets without paint film; (3) The motor manufacturer oxidizes the punched sheets to form an insulating layer .  

Servo motor refers to the engine that controls the operation of mechanical components in the servo system. The rotor speed of the servo motor is controlled by the input signal and can respond quickly. In the automatic control system, it is used as an actuator and has the characteristics of small electromechanical time constant, high linearity, starting voltage, etc. It can convert the received electrical signal Converted into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft. Divided into two categories: DC and AC servo motors.   Working principle A servo mechanism is an automatic control system that enables the output controlled quantities such as the position, orientation, and state of an object to follow any changes in the input target (or given value). The servo mainly relies on pulses for positioning. Basically, it can be understood that when the servo motor receives a pulse, it will rotate at an angle corresponding to the pulse, thereby achieving displacement. Because the servo motor itself has the function of emitting pulses, every time the servo motor rotates through an angle, it will emit a corresponding number of pulses. In this way, it forms a response to the pulses received by the servo motor, or is called a closed loop. In this way, the system will know How many pulses are sent to the servo motor and how many pulses are received back at the same time. In this way, the rotation of the motor can be controlled very accurately, thereby achieving precise positioning, which can reach 0.001mm. Classification of servo motors Servo motors can be divided into DC servo motors and AC servo motors. DC servo motor The basic structure of a DC servo is similar to that of a general DC motor. Motor speed n=E/K1j=(Ua-IaRa)/K1j, where E is the armature counter electromotive force, K is a constant, j is the magnetic flux of each pole, Ua and Ia are the armature voltage and armature current, Ra is The armature resistance, changing Ua or changing φ, can control the speed of the DC servo motor, but the method of controlling the armature voltage is generally used. In the permanent magnet DC servo motor, the excitation winding is replaced by a permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux φ is constant. . DC servo motor has good linear adjustment characteristics and fast time response. However, AC servo motors have limitations in brush commutation and speed, have additional resistance, and produce wear particles. AC servo motor The basic structure of an AC servo motor is similar to an AC induction motor (asynchronous motor). There are two excitation windings Wf and control windings WcoWf with a phase space displacement of 90° electrical angle on the stator. They are connected to a constant AC voltage and use the changes in the AC voltage or phase applied to Wc to control the operation of the motor. AC servo motors have the characteristics of stable operation, good controllability, fast response, high sensitivity, and strict nonlinearity indicators of mechanical characteristics and adjustment characteristics (required to be less than 10% to 15% and less than 15% to 25% respectively). Shungrui Motor, a subsidiary of Shunge, specializes in high-power and high-torque permanent magnet AC servo motors. It currently has two series, 18 and 25, which can meet the needs of most customers. We can also provide motor customization services according to customer needs, which is very cost-effective. Welcome to contact us for consultation.

Transformers achieve voltage transformation through electromagnetic induction. When an alternating current (AC) flows through the primary winding of the transformer, it generates a changing magnetic field. This changing magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary winding based on the turns ratio between the primary and secondary windings. As a result, the voltage is stepped up or stepped down without altering the frequency, allowing efficient transmission of electrical energy across different voltage levels. A transformer operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of two insulated windings wound around a closed iron core. These windings, known as the primary winding or the first winding, and the secondary winding or the second winding, have different numbers of turns and are only magnetically coupled without electrical connection. When the primary winding is connected to an AC power source, an alternating current flows through it, creating an alternating magnetic flux in the iron core. This flux induces voltages, denoted as e1 and e2, respectively, in the primary and secondary windings at the same frequency. When a load is connected to the secondary winding, the voltage e2 causes the current to flow through the load, enabling the transfer of electrical energy. This accomplishes the voltage transformation. According to Equation, the magnitude of the induced voltage in the primary and secondary windings is proportional to their respective numbers of turns. Since the induced voltage is approximately equal to the actual voltage of the windings, by having different numbers of turns in the primary and secondary windings, the voltage conversion in a transformer can be achieved.

  The core of the transformer is the magnetic circuit part of the transformer.  It is usually made of hot-rolled or cold-rolled silicon steel sheets with a high silicon content and coated with insulating paint on the surface. The iron core and the coils wound around it form a complete electromagnetic induction system. The amount of power transmitted by the power transformer depends on the material and cross-sectional area of the core.   The iron core is one of the most basic components of the transformer. It is the magnetic circuit part of the transformer. The primary and secondary windings of the transformer are on the iron core. In order to improve the permeability of the magnetic circuit and reduce the eddy current loss in the iron core, the iron core is usually Made of 0.35mm, surface insulated silicon steel sheet. The iron core is divided into two parts: an iron core post and an iron yoke. The iron core post is covered with windings, and the iron yoke connects the iron core to form a closed magnetic circuit. In order to prevent the metal components such as the transformer core, clamps, and pressure rings from inductive floating potential being too high and causing discharge during operation, these components need to be grounded at a single point. In order to facilitate testing and fault finding, large transformers generally have the core and clamps lead out to the ground through two bushings respectively.

The motor lamination's punch size is given by the design. The following discusses the factors that affect quality in manufacturing when the design remains unchanged. 1. Loss and magnetic permeability of silicon steel sheets The specific loss properties of silicon steel sheets from different manufacturers and different batch numbers from the same manufacturer are not exactly the same. Although there are standard prescribed values, they fluctuate within a certain range. If the amplitude of the fluctuation is relatively large, or the material of the silicon steel sheet itself does not meet the requirements, then the use of such silicon steel sheets on the motor will greatly affect the performance of the motor, especially for medium and large motors, where iron loss accounts for 10% of the loss. The larger the proportion, the more obvious the impact on performance (mainly temperature rise and power factor). This is a hidden danger that is difficult to detect from the electromagnetic design. 2. Silicon steel sheet mold is out of tolerance Silicon steel sheet molds, such as slot punching dies and release molds, have a gap between the punch and the die that gradually increases during use. Some manufacturers are still dealing with production when the mold is out of tolerance, and the consequences are: the punching burrs are significantly increased. If the burr is large, the iron loss and no-load current will increase, causing the temperature rise of the motor to increase, the power factor to decrease, and the efficiency to decrease. 3. Insulation between silicon steel sheets The insulation between silicon steel sheets can suppress the eddy current in the iron core, thereby reducing the resulting eddy current loss (it is included in the iron loss). The insulating layer between chips is formed in the following three ways: (1) Inter-chip insulation composed of the paint film of the cold-rolled silicon steel sheets; (2) The motor manufacturer applies insulating paint on the punched sheets without paint film; (3) The motor manufacturer oxidizes the punched sheets to form an insulating layer .

Control motors can be categorized into different types based on their functionality and application. The classification includes servo motors, stepper motors, torque motors, switched reluctance motors, and brushless DC motors. 1. Servo Motors Servo motors are extensively used in control systems for precise speed and position control. They convert input voltage signals into mechanical output, allowing controlled components to be manipulated. Servo motors are available in both DC and AC variants, with AC permanent magnet synchronous and DC brushless motors being commonly used. 2. Stepper Motors Stepper motors translate electrical pulses into angular displacement. By controlling the number of pulses, precise positioning, speed regulation, and acceleration can be achieved. Common types of stepper motors include reactive stepper motors, permanent magnet stepper motors, hybrid stepper motors, and single-phase stepper motors. 3. Torque Motors Torque motors are flat multi-pole permanent magnet DC motors designed to minimize torque and speed pulsations. They exhibit a good response and their output torque is proportional to the input current, regardless of rotor speed or position. Torque motors can operate at low speeds without the need for gear reduction, providing a high torque-to-inertia ratio. 4. Switched Reluctance Motors Switched reluctance motors feature a simple and robust structure, low cost, and excellent speed regulation performance. They are a competitive alternative to traditional control motors, although they may exhibit torque pulsation, noise, and vibration which require optimization and improvement for practical applications. 5. Brushless DC Motors Derived from brushed DC motors, brushless DC motors rely on AC drive current. They can be classified into brushless speed motors and brushless torque motors. The drive currents for brushless motors can be trapezoidal waves (commonly referred to as "square waves") or sine waves. Brushless DC motors are compact and lightweight compared to brushed DC motors, with reduced moment of inertia. Their capacities typically fall below 100kW. These classifications provide a comprehensive breakdown of control motors, each serving specific functions across various industries and applications.

If you want to know whether silicon steel  magnetically hard, you first need to know the difference between hard magnetic materials and soft magnetic materials. Hard magnetic materials, also called permanent magnetic materials, are materials that can maintain constant magnetism once magnetized. Commonly used permanent magnet materials include alnico permanent magnet alloys, iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloys, permanent ferrite magnets, rare earth permanent magnet materials and composite permanent magnet materials. Soft magnetic materials are magnetic materials with low coercivity and high magnetic permeability, which are easy to magnetize and demagnetize. Its main function is magnetic conduction, conversion and transmission of electromagnetic energy, and it is widely used in various power conversion equipment. It mainly includes metal soft magnetic materials, ferrite soft magnetic materials and other soft magnetic materials. Silicon steel is easy to magnetize and is known for its high magnetic permeability and low core loss. It is the most widely used soft magnetic material.