1. Definition and Core Components • Basic Composition: With iron (Fe) as the base, it adds 2.8% to 3.5% silicon (Si), along with trace amounts of carbon, aluminum, manganese, and other elements. The addition of silicon significantly increases the resistivity (reducing eddy current losses) while maintaining high magnetic permeability. • Grain Orientation: Through cold rolling and annealing processes, a Goss texture ((110)[001] crystal orientation) is formed, concentrating the magnetization direction highly along the rolling direction, and the magnetic permeability can be 3 to 5 times higher than that of non-oriented steel. 2. Key Steps of Production Process Hot rolling: Initial forming to a thickness of 2-3mm. Cold rolling: Rolling at room temperature to the target thickness (0.18-0.35mm), with a compression ratio over 80%, and preliminary induction of grain orientation. Annealing treatment: • Primary annealing: Elimination of cold rolling stress. •Secondary recrystallization annealing: At high temperatures (>1200°C), to align grains completely along the rolling direction, which is the core process. Insulation Coating: Surface coating with phosphate or ceramic layers to reduce eddy currents between laminations and prevent corrosion. 3.Performance Advantages •Low iron loss: Grain orientation reduces hysteresis loss, with typical iron loss values being over 50% lower than those of non-oriented steel. •High magnetic saturation strength: Reaching 1.8 - 2.0T, it supports efficient energy transmission. •Low magnetostriction: Reduces vibration noise by 30 - 50dB, suitable for quiet environments (such as transformers in residential areas). •High stacking factor: >95%, allowing for compact design and saving material space. 4.Application Fields: •Power transformers: The core accounts for 70% of the cost, and CRGO steel can improve efficiency to over 99%. •Renewable energy equipment: Wind turbine generators, electric vehicle motors (high power density). •Precision instruments: MRI equipment, high-precision sensors (reliant on magnetic field stability). 5.Future Development Trends •Ultra-thin development: Advancing 0.10–0.18mm thickness for application in micro electronic transformers. •Coating technology: Nano-insulating layers to further reduce eddy current losses. •Green manufacturing: Scrap steel recycling rate >90%, reducing carbon footprint.

If you want to know whether silicon steel  magnetically hard, you first need to know the difference between hard magnetic materials and soft magnetic materials. Hard magnetic materials, also called permanent magnetic materials, are materials that can maintain constant magnetism once magnetized. Commonly used permanent magnet materials include alnico permanent magnet alloys, iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloys, permanent ferrite magnets, rare earth permanent magnet materials and composite permanent magnet materials. Soft magnetic materials are magnetic materials with low coercivity and high magnetic permeability, which are easy to magnetize and demagnetize. Its main function is magnetic conduction, conversion and transmission of electromagnetic energy, and it is widely used in various power conversion equipment. It mainly includes metal soft magnetic materials, ferrite soft magnetic materials and other soft magnetic materials. Silicon steel is easy to magnetize and is known for its high magnetic permeability and low core loss. It is the most widely used soft magnetic material.